Types of Contraception – Understanding Different Birth Control Methods

Hormonal Methods

When it comes to contraception, hormonal methods are popular among women. These methods involve the use of synthetic hormones to prevent pregnancy. Let’s take a closer look at some common hormonal contraceptive options:

Birth Control Pills

Birth control pills, also known as oral contraceptives, are a convenient and effective form of contraception. They contain synthetic hormones that prevent ovulation and thicken cervical mucus, making it difficult for sperm to reach an egg. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, birth control pills are highly effective when taken as directed.

Patch

The contraceptive patch is another hormonal option for women seeking birth control. It is a small adhesive patch that is placed on the skin and releases hormones into the bloodstream to prevent ovulation. The patch is worn on the lower abdomen, buttocks, or upper body and needs to be replaced weekly. This method is convenient for women who may have difficulty remembering to take a daily pill. According to Planned Parenthood, the patch is over 99% effective when used correctly.

Barrier Methods of Contraception

Barrier methods of contraception are a popular choice for individuals looking for a non-hormonal form of birth control. These methods work by physically blocking the sperm from fertilizing the egg, providing an effective way to prevent pregnancy.

Types of Barrier Methods

There are various types of barrier methods available, each offering different levels of effectiveness and convenience:

• Condoms: Condoms are one of the most commonly used barrier methods of contraception. They are easy to use, affordable, and readily available without a prescription. Condoms act as a barrier, preventing sperm from entering the vagina and reaching the egg. They are also the only method that helps protect against sexually transmitted infections (STIs). You can find more information about condoms on the Planned Parenthood website.
• Diaphragm: A diaphragm is a dome-shaped device made of silicone that is inserted into the vagina before intercourse. It covers the cervix and acts as a barrier to prevent sperm from reaching the egg. Diaphragms need to be fitted by a healthcare provider and used with a spermicide to increase effectiveness. To learn more about diaphragms, visit the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists website.
• Cervical Cap: Similar to a diaphragm, a cervical cap is a smaller silicone cup that is placed over the cervix to block sperm. It is also used with spermicide and needs to be fitted by a healthcare provider. The HealthLink BC website provides more information on cervical caps.

Efficacy of Barrier Methods

The efficacy of barrier methods of contraception can vary depending on the method used and how consistently and correctly it is employed. According to a survey conducted by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), the typical use failure rate of condoms is estimated to be around 13%. For diaphragms, the typical use failure rate is approximately 14%.

Cost of Barrier Methods

Barrier methods of contraception are generally affordable and widely accessible. Condoms are available at pharmacies, grocery stores, and health clinics for a nominal cost. The price of a diaphragm can range from $15 to $75 per device, depending on the brand and type. While initial costs may vary, barrier methods tend to be more cost-effective in the long run compared to other forms of contraception.

Long-Acting Reversible Contraception (LARC)

Long-Acting Reversible Contraception (LARC) methods are highly effective forms of birth control that provide long-lasting protection against pregnancy with minimal user intervention. These methods are reversible, meaning fertility can return quickly after discontinuation. LARC methods include intrauterine devices (IUDs) and contraceptive implants.

Intrauterine Devices (IUDs)

IUDs are small, T-shaped devices that are inserted into the uterus by a healthcare provider. There are two types of IUDs: hormonal and non-hormonal. Hormonal IUDs release progestin, a synthetic form of the hormone progesterone, which thickens cervical mucus and thins the uterine lining, making it difficult for sperm to reach and fertilize an egg. Non-hormonal IUDs are made of copper, which creates an inflammatory reaction that is toxic to sperm, preventing fertilization.

According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), IUDs are over 99% effective at preventing pregnancy and can provide protection for 3-10 years, depending on the type of IUD used. They are a popular choice among women due to their convenience and high efficacy.

Contraceptive Implants

Contraceptive implants are small, flexible rods that are inserted under the skin of the upper arm. They release a progestin hormone that works similarly to hormonal IUDs by preventing ovulation and thickening cervical mucus. The implant provides protection against pregnancy for up to three years.

Research from the Guttmacher Institute shows that contraceptive implants are more than 99% effective at preventing pregnancy, making them one of the most reliable forms of birth control available. They are a discreet and long-lasting option for women who prefer not to use daily or weekly contraception methods.

Benefits of LARC Methods

The main advantages of LARC methods include their high effectiveness, long duration of protection, and minimal user involvement. Studies have shown that LARC methods have significantly lower failure rates compared to other forms of contraception, such as birth control pills or condoms.

According to a survey conducted by the Planned Parenthood Federation of America, over 12 million women in the United States currently use LARC methods due to their high efficacy and convenience.

In conclusion, Long-Acting Reversible Contraception methods are a safe and effective choice for women looking for long-term pregnancy prevention with minimal maintenance. Consult with your healthcare provider to determine the best contraceptive option that suits your needs and lifestyle.

4. Natural Methods:

Natural methods of contraception involve tracking a woman’s fertility cycle to determine when she is most likely to conceive. These methods rely on understanding the signs and symptoms of ovulation and fertility to avoid intercourse during the fertile window. Here are some common natural contraceptive methods:

• Fertility Awareness Method (FAM): This method involves tracking menstrual cycles, basal body temperature, and cervical mucus to identify fertile days. By avoiding unprotected sex during fertile periods, couples can prevent pregnancy.
• Calendar Method: Also known as the rhythm method, this technique involves tracking menstrual cycles over several months to predict ovulation and fertile days. Couples can then abstain from intercourse during the fertile window to prevent pregnancy.
• Withdrawal Method: Also called the pull-out method, this involves the male partner withdrawing before ejaculation to prevent sperm from entering the woman’s body. While this method is less effective than other forms of contraception, it can reduce the risk of pregnancy when used correctly.
• Lactational Amenorrhea Method (LAM): This method is suitable for breastfeeding women, as breastfeeding can suppress ovulation and delay the return of menstruation after childbirth. By exclusively breastfeeding and following specific guidelines, women can use LAM as a temporary contraceptive method.

It is essential to note that natural contraceptive methods may not be as reliable as hormonal or barrier methods and can carry a higher risk of unintended pregnancy. Couples using natural methods should carefully monitor fertility signs and consider backup contraception to prevent conception.

Long-Acting Reversible Contraception (LARC)

LARC methods are highly effective forms of contraception that provide long-lasting protection against pregnancy. These methods are suitable for individuals who want a reliable form of birth control without the need for daily or frequent intervention.

• Intrauterine Device (IUD): This small T-shaped device is inserted into the uterus by a healthcare provider and can provide protection against pregnancy for several years. There are two types of IUDs: hormonal and non-hormonal. Hormonal IUDs release progestin, which thickens the cervical mucus and thins the uterine lining, making it difficult for sperm to reach the egg. Non-hormonal IUDs use copper to create an environment that is toxic to sperm, preventing fertilization.
• Implant: The contraceptive implant is a small rod that is inserted under the skin of the upper arm. It releases a steady dose of progestin hormone to prevent ovulation and thicken cervical mucus, making it difficult for sperm to reach the egg. The implant is effective for up to three years.

According to statistics from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, LARC methods have a very high effectiveness rate in preventing unintended pregnancies. In fact, they are more than 99% effective in typical use, making them one of the most reliable forms of contraception available.
A survey conducted by the Guttmacher Institute found that the use of LARC methods has been steadily increasing in recent years, with more individuals opting for these long-lasting forms of contraception for their convenience and effectiveness.
Costs: The initial cost of getting an IUD or implant can vary depending on the type and brand. However, these long-acting methods are cost-effective in the long run as they provide several years of protection against pregnancy without the need for frequent refills or replacements.
In conclusion, Long-Acting Reversible Contraception (LARC) methods offer a highly effective and convenient way to prevent unintended pregnancies. With their high effectiveness rates and long-lasting protection, they are a popular choice for individuals looking for reliable birth control options.

Long-Acting Reversible Contraception (LARC)

Intrauterine Device (IUD)

An IUD is a small, T-shaped device that is inserted into the uterus by a healthcare provider. There are two types of IUDs: hormonal and copper. The hormonal IUD releases progestin, which thickens the cervical mucus, making it difficult for sperm to reach the egg. The copper IUD creates an environment in the uterus that is toxic to sperm, preventing fertilization. According to the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG), IUDs are over 99% effective at preventing pregnancy.

Implant

An implant is a small, flexible rod that is inserted under the skin of the upper arm. It releases progestin into the body, which prevents ovulation and thickens the cervical mucus. The implant can provide protection against pregnancy for up to three years. According to Planned Parenthood, the implant is 99% effective at preventing pregnancy.

Benefits of LARC

One of the main benefits of LARC methods is their high efficacy in preventing pregnancy. They are also convenient as they require minimal maintenance once they are inserted. Additionally, they can be removed at any time if a person decides they want to become pregnant. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), LARC methods are among the most effective forms of contraception available.

Survey Data

A survey conducted by the Guttmacher Institute found that LARC methods are becoming increasingly popular among women in the United States. The survey revealed that in 2020, 28% of women aged 15-49 who used contraception relied on LARC methods. This indicates a growing trend towards the use of long-acting reversible contraception.

Cost

The cost of LARC methods can vary depending on factors such as insurance coverage and the type of method chosen. According to the Guttmacher Institute, the average cost of an IUD insertion without insurance coverage can range from $500 to $1,000. However, many insurance plans cover the cost of LARC methods as part of preventive care, making them an affordable option for many individuals.
Overall, long-acting reversible contraception methods offer a highly effective and convenient way to prevent pregnancy, with increasing popularity among individuals seeking reliable birth control options.

7. Emergency Contraception

Emergency contraception, also known as the morning-after pill, is a form of contraception that can be used to prevent pregnancy after unprotected sex or contraceptive failure. It is important to note that emergency contraception should not be used as a regular form of birth control, but rather as a backup option in case of emergencies.
There are different types of emergency contraception available, such as:

• Levonorgestrel: This emergency contraceptive pill, commonly known as Plan B or Next Choice, contains levonorgestrel and is most effective when taken within 72 hours of unprotected sex.
• Ulipristal acetate: This pill, sold under the brand name Ella, is another form of emergency contraception that can be taken within 120 hours (5 days) of unprotected sex.

It’s important to consult a healthcare provider or pharmacist for guidance on the most appropriate emergency contraception method for your situation.
According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, emergency contraception is a safe and effective way to prevent unintended pregnancy. However, it is not intended to be used routinely and does not protect against sexually transmitted infections (STIs).
In a survey conducted by the Guttmacher Institute, it was found that emergency contraception has become increasingly popular among sexually active individuals as a backup option in case regular contraception methods fail. The survey revealed that about 11% of sexually experienced women aged 15-44 had used emergency contraception at least once.
Having access to emergency contraception is important in empowering individuals to take control of their reproductive health and prevent unintended pregnancies. Remember, emergency contraception should be used as a backup option and not as a primary method of birth control.

Category: Birth control